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Questões de Língua Inglesa

35.421 questões encontradas

  1. Questão 841

    ID 3171727

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Nacional de Educação, Pesquisa, Instrução e Segurança Pública Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Sanclerlândia

    Department Store

    The first department store was created in Paris, in 1850. It was conceived as a big place with a lot of options in products and brands. They wouldn’t sell just a specific product: there you could find clothes, shoes, jewels, make up and many others things. That concept remained until today. So, if you want to buy many things with good prices, you can choose from one of the thousands in the world.

    Every year, on the day after Thanksgiving, most of this stores have a big sale called Black Friday. On this day, it is possible to buy products with big discounts and you also have the option to buy things online. In 2016, more than 154 million people spent USD 3,3 billion dollars shopping only on the internet.

    Fonte:

    https://www.wizard.com.br/idiomas/textos

    em-ingles-para-iniciantes/

    According to the text, the day before the Black Friday big sale is calebrated

    Alternativas da questão 3171727
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  2. Questão 842

    ID 3171726

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Nacional de Educação, Pesquisa, Instrução e Segurança Pública Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Sanclerlândia

    Read the text and answer questions below:

    HOTMART:

    Hotmart is a complete platform for those who want to create and sell digital products such as e-books, online courses, videos, subscriptions, among others. It is widely used by content producers and affiliates. It is a company with a worldwide presence and promotes entrepreneurship and distance education. Hotmart allows anyone who wants to work with digital products. Best of all, many people are well paid working in this digital market



    According to the text, choose the FALSE alternative:

    Alternativas da questão 3171726
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  3. Questão 843

    ID 3171725

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Defining Relative Clauses

    Ano: 2023 Banca: VUNESP - Fundação para o Vestibular da Universidade Estadual Paulista Órgão: Universidade Estadual de Campinas

    Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 05 a 10.

    A standard X-ray provides tremendous value to a clinician for its ability to quickly provide a static image of anatomical structures. There are limitations, however, to static exams.

    Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) adds dynamic, or motion, capability to X-ray technology that captures sequential radiographic images in a single exam. Unlike fluoroscopy, X-ray with DDR is not viewed in real-time, so an exam can be performed by a radiologic technologist without a physician present in the exam room. DDR is an enhanced version of a standard digital radiography system that acquires up to 15 frames per second for as long as 20 seconds, resulting in a maximum of 300 X-ray images with a dose equivalent to about two standard X-rays. With DDR, radiation is lower than fluoroscopy or CT, and requires a shorter exam time than MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).

    The benefits of DDR are being explored across a variety of disciplines. In pulmonology, DDR can be used to visualize and quantify lung function in relationship to surrounding structure. In orthopedics, DDR can be used to assess instability, musculoskeletal injury, sources of pain, and treatment follow-up of any joint throughout its range of motion – whether it be the neck, spine, shoulders or knees. It can also be a helpful tool for postoperative evaluation of movement in place of a more expensive CT (computed tomography) or MRI exam. DDR use is also being explored as an effective tool for other applications, including swallow studies for speech therapy.

    “Clinicians can now see more with a dynamic X-ray,” says Guillermo Sander, Director of Digital Radiography at Konica Minolta Healthcare, a global medtech company. “Because DDR is another X-ray technique using the same X-ray system, the equipment and technician workflow is the same. Actually, it just adds an extra minute of time”. For many physicians, DDR provides a more complete diagnosis and has become a key differentiator for their practice. For patients, there is a wow factor when they see the motion in their X-ray. Sander says that anecdotal feedback suggests that patients who see a dynamic X-ray are more likely to understand their condition and adhere to their rehabilitation plan. “Adding movement gives new insight, which makes it easier for clinicians to support the technology and make it useful.” To Sander, this is a technology worth exploring.

    (Jenelle Isaacson. https://www.itnonline.com, 11.08.2022. Adaptado)



    In the fragment from the second paragraph “DDR is an enhanced version of a standard digital radiography system that acquires up to 15 frames per second for as long as 20 seconds”, the underlined pronoun refers to

    Alternativas da questão 3171725
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  4. Questão 844

    ID 3171724

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Condição | Condition

    Ano: 2023 Banca: EDUCA Assessoria Educacional Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pilões

    A conjunction is a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. Conjunctions are considered to be invariable grammar particles, and they may or may not stand between items they conjoin. Coordinating conjunctions are used to join words, phrases, or clauses that are grammatically equal. There are seven coordinating conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. They can be remembered using the acronym FANBOYS. On the other hand, subordinating conjunctions introduce a dependent clause and indicates its relation to the rest of the sentence; they may be located either at the beginning or the end of the sentence. Subordinating conjunctions may be grouped based on semantic categories. Having that in mind, match the column on the right by using the information provided in the column on the left, which is related to the semantic categories of subordinating conjunctions and their potential examples. Then, check the correct answer.

    (1) REASON

    (2) TIME

    (3) CONDITION

    (4) CONTRAST

    (5) CHOICE

    (6) PURPOSE OR RESULT

    ( ) even if, if, unless.

    ( ) so that, in order that, that.

    ( ) because, since, as, so that.

    ( ) than, whether, rather than.

    ( ) once, as soon as, while, when.

    ( ) whereas, even though, although.

    Alternativas da questão 3171724
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  5. Questão 845

    ID 3171723

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDEP Gestão de Concursos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Lavras

    INSTRUCTION: Read the text below to answer questions 31 to 34.

    Why can group work be a challenge in monolingual classes?

    [1] Firstly, and most obviously, the lack of a need to communicate in English means that any communication between learners in that language will seem artificial and arguably even unnecessary. Secondly, the fact that all the learners in the class share a common culture (and are often all from the same age group) will mean that there will often be a lack of curiosity about what other class members do or think, thus making questionnaire-based activities superfluous. Thirdly, there is the paradox that the more interesting and motivating the activity is (and particularly if it involves a competitive element of some sort), the more likely the learners are to use their mother tongue in order to complete the task successfully or to finish first. Finally, the very fact that more effort is involved to communicate in a foreign language when the same task may be performed with much less effort in the mother tongue will also tend to ensure that very little English is used.

    Is group work worth the effort?

    [2] Taken as a whole, these factors will probably convince many teachers that it is simply not worth bothering with pair and group work in monolingual classes. This, however, would be to exclude from one’s teaching a whole range of potentially motivating and useful activities and to deny learners the opportunity to communicate in English in class time with anyone but the teacher.

    [3] Simple mathematics will tell us that in a one-hour lesson with 20 learners, each learner will speak for just 90 seconds if the teacher speaks for half the lesson. In order to encourage learners in a monolingual class to participate in pair and group work, it might be worth asking them whether they regard speaking for just three per cent of the lesson to be good value and point out that they can increase that percentage substantially if they try to use English in group activities.

    [4] At first, learners may find it strange to use English when communicating with their peers but this is, first and foremost, a question of habit and it is a gradual process. For the teacher to insist that English is used may well be counter-productive and may provoke active resistance. If the task is in English, on the other hand, and learners have to communicate with each other about the task, some English will inevitably be used. It may be very little at first but, as with any habit, it should increase noticeably as time goes by. Indeed, it is not unusual to hear more motivated learners in a monolingual situation communicating with each other in English outside the classroom.

    Conclusion

    [5] If the benefits of using English to perform purposeful communicative tasks are clearly explained to the class and if the teacher is not excessively authoritarian in insisting that English must be used, a modest and increasing success rate can be achieved. It is far too much to expect that all learners will immediately begin using English to communicate with their peers all the time. But, if at least some of the class use English some of the time, that should be regarded as a significant step on the road to promoting greater use of English in pair and group work in the monolingual classroom.

    Available at: https://www.onestopenglish.com/methodologytips- for-teachers/classroom-management-pair-and-group-workin- efl/esol/146454.article. Accessed on: April 26, 2022.



    The aim of this article is

    Alternativas da questão 3171723
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  6. Questão 846

    ID 3171722

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Metodologias e Abordagens de Ensino | Teaching Methods And Approaches

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDEP Gestão de Concursos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Lavras

    INSTRUCTION: Read the text below to answer questions 35 to 37.

    By Clare Lavery

    Keeping students’ attention and stopping them from getting distracted is a big challenge. Here are some reasons why students’ attention may wander and ways to keep your classes on track.

    1. Keep in control. Anticipation is the best form of teacher defence so keep scanning the room, making eye contact with all students. You will catch those who are starting to fidget, look out of window or chat to their mates. Then you can react accordingly before the noise level has distracted everyone and created a situation.
    2. Keep in tune with the class. Don’t just glide along with the best. If one student answers your questions this is not proof that all the others are following what is being discussed. Aim for responses from as wide a sample as possible. Don’t just accept answers from the 3 or 4 class leaders or you will leave the rest behind.
    3. Keep checking understanding. Try not to use questions like “Do you understand?” or “Has everyone got that?” Students are notoriously wary of admitting they haven’t understood, especially if their peers are feigning comprehension! Use further questions to see if they have understood the concepts.
    4. Keep demonstrating. Attention wanders when they don’t know what to do and are too afraid to admit it. Keep your instructions to a minimum and demonstrate what to do rather than giving lengthy or detailed explanations. If nearly half of them are clearly unsure and starting to flounder or chat in their mother tongue, take action. Call on the pairs who are doing the task successfully to demonstrate their work as an example for others then try again.

    Changing the pace

    Here are some tried and tested techniques for changing the pace of the lesson to keep students awake.

    1. Chant. Select a weekly chant which rouses students. Students stand or sit, clap along or snap their fingers and repeat the rap you have devised. This can be a quotation for higher levels or a sentence construction covered by lower levels. Make it short, snappy and fun.
    2. Drill. Use some quick-fire questioning around the class and involve as many as possible. Then get the students to do the questions as well as supplying answers. Use visuals as prompts for this questioning.
    3. Play a game. Do a 10-minute revision game involving everyone pooling ideas, words or questions. Even a spelling game for beginners does the trick. Word association or memory games work well!
    4. Give a dictation. They do have to concentrate here! It might be just a short piece of text or a list of words. It could be some lines from a song in the charts.

    Available at: https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/ strategies-keeping-attention. Accessed on: April 26, 2022.



    The author of this text specifically

    Alternativas da questão 3171722
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  7. Questão 847

    ID 3171721

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Finalidade | Purpose

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUMARC - Fundação Mariana Resende Costa Órgão: Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais

    Ten critical actions needed to address four major cybersecurity challenges:

    From: https://www.gao.gov/cybersecurity. Available on November 16th, 2022.



    The use of the preposition for in “1. Develop and execute a more comprehensive federal strategy for national cybersecurity…” indicates

    Alternativas da questão 3171721
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  8. Questão 848

    ID 3171720

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: VUNESP - Fundação para o Vestibular da Universidade Estadual Paulista Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de São Bernardo do Campo

    Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 47 a 51.

    The teaching of English as a Lingua Franca

    An inexorable trend in the use of global English is that fewer interactions now involve a native speaker. Proponents of teaching English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) suggest that the way English is taught and assessed should reflect the needs and aspirations of the ever-growing number of non-native speakers who use English to communicate with other nonnatives. Understanding how non-native speakers use English among themselves has now become a serious research area.

    Different priorities in teaching English pronunciation, for example, have been defined. Teaching certain pronunciation features, such as the articulation of ‘th’ as an interdental fricative, appears to be a waste of time whereas other common pronunciation problems (such as simplifying consonant clusters) contribute to problems of understanding. Such an approach is allowing researchers to identify a ‘Lingua Franca Core’ (LFC) which provides guiding principles in creating syllabuses and assessment materials.

    Unlike traditional ESL (English as Second Language), ELF focuses also on pragmatic strategies required in intercultural communication. The target model of English, within the ELF framework, is not a native speaker but a fluent bilingual speaker, who retains a national identity in terms of accent, and who also has the special skills required to negotiate understanding with another non-native speaker. Research is also beginning to show how bad some native speakers are at using English for international communication. It may be that elements of an ELF syllabus could usefully be taught within a mother tongue curriculum.

    (David Graddol, English Next. Adaptado)



    According to the second and third paragraphs, in ELF contexts,

    Alternativas da questão 3171720
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  9. Questão 849

    ID 3171719

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Consequência | Consequence

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDEP Gestão de Concursos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Lavras

    INSTRUCTION: Read the text below to answer questions 31 to 34.

    Why can group work be a challenge in monolingual classes?

    [1] Firstly, and most obviously, the lack of a need to communicate in English means that any communication between learners in that language will seem artificial and arguably even unnecessary. Secondly, the fact that all the learners in the class share a common culture (and are often all from the same age group) will mean that there will often be a lack of curiosity about what other class members do or think, thus making questionnaire-based activities superfluous. Thirdly, there is the paradox that the more interesting and motivating the activity is (and particularly if it involves a competitive element of some sort), the more likely the learners are to use their mother tongue in order to complete the task successfully or to finish first. Finally, the very fact that more effort is involved to communicate in a foreign language when the same task may be performed with much less effort in the mother tongue will also tend to ensure that very little English is used.

    Is group work worth the effort?

    [2] Taken as a whole, these factors will probably convince many teachers that it is simply not worth bothering with pair and group work in monolingual classes. This, however, would be to exclude from one’s teaching a whole range of potentially motivating and useful activities and to deny learners the opportunity to communicate in English in class time with anyone but the teacher.

    [3] Simple mathematics will tell us that in a one-hour lesson with 20 learners, each learner will speak for just 90 seconds if the teacher speaks for half the lesson. In order to encourage learners in a monolingual class to participate in pair and group work, it might be worth asking them whether they regard speaking for just three per cent of the lesson to be good value and point out that they can increase that percentage substantially if they try to use English in group activities.

    [4] At first, learners may find it strange to use English when communicating with their peers but this is, first and foremost, a question of habit and it is a gradual process. For the teacher to insist that English is used may well be counter-productive and may provoke active resistance. If the task is in English, on the other hand, and learners have to communicate with each other about the task, some English will inevitably be used. It may be very little at first but, as with any habit, it should increase noticeably as time goes by. Indeed, it is not unusual to hear more motivated learners in a monolingual situation communicating with each other in English outside the classroom.

    Conclusion

    [5] If the benefits of using English to perform purposeful communicative tasks are clearly explained to the class and if the teacher is not excessively authoritarian in insisting that English must be used, a modest and increasing success rate can be achieved. It is far too much to expect that all learners will immediately begin using English to communicate with their peers all the time. But, if at least some of the class use English some of the time, that should be regarded as a significant step on the road to promoting greater use of English in pair and group work in the monolingual classroom.

    Available at: https://www.onestopenglish.com/methodologytips- for-teachers/classroom-management-pair-and-group-workin- efl/esol/146454.article. Accessed on: April 26, 2022.



    In the sentence: “Secondly, the fact that all the learners in the class share a common culture (and are often all from the same age group) will mean that there will often be a lack of curiosity about what other class members do or think, thus making questionnaire-based activities superfluous” the word thus can be replaced by

    Alternativas da questão 3171719
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  10. Questão 850

    ID 3171718

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Pronomes Reflexivos | Reflexive Pronouns

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IGEDUC - Instituto de Apoio à Gestão e Educação Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pombos

    Julgue os itens subsequentes.



    Reflexive pronouns, such as “myself” and “yourself,” reflect the action back onto the subject. Mastery of reflexive pronoun usage ensures grammatical accuracy and clarity in English sentences. Recognizing situations that warrant reflexive pronouns contributes to effective self-expression.

    Alternativas da questão 3171718
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  11. Questão 851

    ID 3171717

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Substantivos Compostos | Compound Nouns

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IGEDUC - Instituto de Apoio à Gestão e Educação Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pombos

    Julgue os itens subsequentes.



    Nouns, as essential components of language, categorize and name entities, encompassing both tangible and abstract concepts. The proper understanding of noun classifications—common, proper, concrete, abstract—facilitates precise and effective communication, as nouns serve as the foundation for constructing meaningful sentences.

    Alternativas da questão 3171717
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  12. Questão 852

    ID 3171716

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FEPESE - Fundação de Estudos e Pesquisas Socioeconômicos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Caxambu do Sul

    Pollution

    Thick black smoke curling out of smokestacks, horrible-tasting chemicals in your drinking water, pesticides in your food - these are examples of pollution. Pollution is any contamination of the environment which causes harm to the environment or the inhabitants of the environment. There are many kinds of pollution, and there are many pollutants. Some obvious kinds of pollution are pollution of the air, soil, and water. Some less obvious, or less salient kinds of pollution are radioactive, noise, light pollution, and green-house gasses.

    Air pollution can be caused by particles, liquids, or gases that make the air harmful to breathe. There are two main types of air pollution: primary and secondary. Primary pollutants enter the air directly, like smoke from factories and car exhaust. Secondary pollutants are chemicals that mix together to pollute the air, like mixtures of emissions, or waste output, from vehicles and factory smoke that change to form more dangerous pollutants in the air and sunlight.

    Soil pollution can be caused by pesticides, leakage..........................chemical tanks, oil spills, and other chemicals..........................get into the soil by dumping or accidental contamination. Soil pollution can also cause water pollution.............................underground water becomes contaminated by coming.............................contact with the polluted soil.

    Water pollution can be caused by waste products, sewage, oil spills, and litter in streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans. Some scientists believe that water pollution is the largest cause of death and disease in the world, causing about 14,000 deaths in the world each day.

    Radioactive pollution can be caused by leaks or spills of radioactive materials. These materials can come from medical sources, nuclear power plants, or laboratories which handle radioactive materials. Air, soil, and water can be polluted by radioactivity. It can cause damage to animals, both internally and externally, by eating, drinking, or touching it. It can cause birth defects and genetic problems. It can cause certain cancers and other deadly diseases.

    Noise pollution can be caused by vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise. It can also be caused by military or experimental sonar. Noise has health effects on people and animals. In people, it can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems. In animals, it can cause communication, reproductive, and navigation problems – they have difficulty finding their direction. Sonar has even caused whales to beach themselves because they respond to the sonar as if it were another whale.

    Light pollution can be caused by advertising signs, stadium and city lighting, and other artificial lighting (like the light caused by night traffic). Artificial lighting has health effects on humans and animals. In people, it can cause high blood pressure and affect sleeping and waking rhythms and immunity. It might be a factor in some cancers, such as breast cancer. In animals, it can affect sleeping and waking rhythms, navigation, and reproduction.

    In addition, greenhouse gases have caused a warming effect on the earth’s climate. The greenhouse gases are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone. They are naturally–occurring gases in the atmosphere, but human activity has increased their concentration in the atmosphere. For example, the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere have risen due to the burning of fossil fuels. The effect is a rise in global temperatures. The higher temperatures cause the melting of glaciers, a rise in the water level of oceans, and the disruption of both land and marine life, including that of humans. Although carbon dioxide is necessary for plants to survive, it is also considered to be a kind of pollution because high levels of carbon dioxide have caused the oceans to become more acidic.

    It is not possible for anyone to predict the exact timing and effects of global pollution and global climate change brought about by pollution. There is general agreement by scientists that the global climate will continue to change, that the intensity of weather effects will continue to increase, and that some species of animals will become extinct. There is also general agreement, or consensus, that humans need to take steps to reduce emissions of waste products and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, make adaptations to the changes that are occurring, and figure out ways of reversing the trends of pollution and global warming.



    According to the text, the kind of pollution that is thought to cause the most death and disease is:

    Alternativas da questão 3171716
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  13. Questão 853

    ID 3171715

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Compreensão e Produção Oral | Listening And Speaking

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IGEDUC - Instituto de Apoio à Gestão e Educação Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pombos

    Julgue os itens subsequentes.



    Intonation, the rise and fall of pitch in speech, plays a crucial role in conveying the speaker's attitude, mood, and intended meaning in American English. Different intonation patterns can distinguish between statements, questions, and exclamations, contributing significantly to effective communication.

    Alternativas da questão 3171715
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  14. Questão 854

    ID 3171714

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Discurso Direto e Indireto | Reported Speech

    Ano: 2023 Banca: EDUCA Assessoria Educacional Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pilões

    Indirect speech conveys a report of something that was said or written rather than the exact words that were spoken or written. Moreover, indirect speech is also called reported speech. It is when something that has been said is written without directly quoting the speaker. In short, reported speech is the linguistic technique that is used to tell somebody what someone else’s direct speech was. In consideration of the foregoing, read the sentence that follows, which was written in the direct speech form, and check its correspondent correct reported speech form.

    DIRECT SPEECH: An English teacher said: “I have taught my students to help them become independent learners and critical citizens”.

    Alternativas da questão 3171714
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  15. Questão 855

    ID 3171713

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FEPESE - Fundação de Estudos e Pesquisas Socioeconômicos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Caxambu do Sul

    Pollution

    Thick black smoke curling out of smokestacks, horrible-tasting chemicals in your drinking water, pesticides in your food - these are examples of pollution. Pollution is any contamination of the environment which causes harm to the environment or the inhabitants of the environment. There are many kinds of pollution, and there are many pollutants. Some obvious kinds of pollution are pollution of the air, soil, and water. Some less obvious, or less salient kinds of pollution are radioactive, noise, light pollution, and green-house gasses.

    Air pollution can be caused by particles, liquids, or gases that make the air harmful to breathe. There are two main types of air pollution: primary and secondary. Primary pollutants enter the air directly, like smoke from factories and car exhaust. Secondary pollutants are chemicals that mix together to pollute the air, like mixtures of emissions, or waste output, from vehicles and factory smoke that change to form more dangerous pollutants in the air and sunlight.

    Soil pollution can be caused by pesticides, leakage..........................chemical tanks, oil spills, and other chemicals..........................get into the soil by dumping or accidental contamination. Soil pollution can also cause water pollution.............................underground water becomes contaminated by coming.............................contact with the polluted soil.

    Water pollution can be caused by waste products, sewage, oil spills, and litter in streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans. Some scientists believe that water pollution is the largest cause of death and disease in the world, causing about 14,000 deaths in the world each day.

    Radioactive pollution can be caused by leaks or spills of radioactive materials. These materials can come from medical sources, nuclear power plants, or laboratories which handle radioactive materials. Air, soil, and water can be polluted by radioactivity. It can cause damage to animals, both internally and externally, by eating, drinking, or touching it. It can cause birth defects and genetic problems. It can cause certain cancers and other deadly diseases.

    Noise pollution can be caused by vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise. It can also be caused by military or experimental sonar. Noise has health effects on people and animals. In people, it can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems. In animals, it can cause communication, reproductive, and navigation problems – they have difficulty finding their direction. Sonar has even caused whales to beach themselves because they respond to the sonar as if it were another whale.

    Light pollution can be caused by advertising signs, stadium and city lighting, and other artificial lighting (like the light caused by night traffic). Artificial lighting has health effects on humans and animals. In people, it can cause high blood pressure and affect sleeping and waking rhythms and immunity. It might be a factor in some cancers, such as breast cancer. In animals, it can affect sleeping and waking rhythms, navigation, and reproduction.

    In addition, greenhouse gases have caused a warming effect on the earth’s climate. The greenhouse gases are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone. They are naturally–occurring gases in the atmosphere, but human activity has increased their concentration in the atmosphere. For example, the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere have risen due to the burning of fossil fuels. The effect is a rise in global temperatures. The higher temperatures cause the melting of glaciers, a rise in the water level of oceans, and the disruption of both land and marine life, including that of humans. Although carbon dioxide is necessary for plants to survive, it is also considered to be a kind of pollution because high levels of carbon dioxide have caused the oceans to become more acidic.

    It is not possible for anyone to predict the exact timing and effects of global pollution and global climate change brought about by pollution. There is general agreement by scientists that the global climate will continue to change, that the intensity of weather effects will continue to increase, and that some species of animals will become extinct. There is also general agreement, or consensus, that humans need to take steps to reduce emissions of waste products and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, make adaptations to the changes that are occurring, and figure out ways of reversing the trends of pollution and global warming.



    Study the underlined words in the following paragraph from the text:

    “In animals, it can cause communication, reproductive, and navigation problems – they have difficulty finding their direction. Sonar has even caused whales to beach themselves because they respond to the sonar as if it were another whale.”

    Choose the correct alternative.

    Alternativas da questão 3171713
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  16. Questão 856

    ID 3171712

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Caso Genitivo | Genitive Case

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IGEDUC - Instituto de Apoio à Gestão e Educação Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pombos

    Julgue os itens subsequentes.



    Possessive nouns, expressing ownership or association, play a vital role in sentence structure. Understanding how to form possessives, whether through apostrophes or other constructions, ensures grammatical accuracy. Proficiency in handling possessive nouns contributes to clear and effective communication in written and spoken English.

    Alternativas da questão 3171712
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  17. Questão 857

    ID 3171711

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: VUNESP - Fundação para o Vestibular da Universidade Estadual Paulista Órgão: Agência Reguladora dos Serviços de Saneamento das Bacias dos Rios Piracicaba, Capivari e Jundiaí

    Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 11 a 15.

    The ecosystems, biomes and processes that regulate the stability and resilience of the Earth system are under severe pressure. So, it is timely to reflect on how our understanding of tackling environmental problems has shifted, and what factors make for successful outcomes.

    Standard risk management approaches will not be sufficient to address the complex societal, environmental and economic systems and their interactions that characterize nations across the world today. Reducing the loss of biodiversity simply by establishing protected areas will not succeed, when much biodiversity is found in areas under production, both in agriculture and in the seas. Furthermore, as the climate changes, habitat fragmentation restricts species to smaller spaces, reduces genetic variability and stresses ecosystems. Protected areas are important – but are only part of the answer. Innovative ways are needed to integrate development and biodiversity protection. There is a risk of inadvertently making things worse, for example, by expanding agriculture in ways that deplete soils, waste water and increase desertification and deforestation.

    STAP1 analysed 32 climate change mitigation and chemicals and waste management projects worldwide. One such project was based on the “circular economy concept”, which aims to change the linear economic model based on ‘take, make, use, and dispose,’ to a more sustainable model that is restorative and regenerative by design. The concept ensures that the value of products, materials, and resources is maintained in the economy at their highest value and usefulness for as long as possible while minimizing waste.

    A circular approach will also yield socio-economic gains. Transitioning to the circular economy in five European countries by 2030, apart from reducing carbon emissions by two-thirds, would also lower business costs and increase the workforce by about 4%, creating more than 1.2 million jobs, including benefits across focal areas – and are ultimately more transformational.

    (https://www.thegef.org. Adaptado)

    STAP1 Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel – United Nations.



    The whole discussion in the second paragraph illustrates the notion that, in tackling environmental problems,

    Alternativas da questão 3171711
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  18. Questão 858

    ID 3171710

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IGEDUC - Instituto de Apoio à Gestão e Educação Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pombos

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    Proficient interpretation of texts necessitates a meticulous analysis of contextual elements. Unraveling the intricacies of the setting, cultural background, and historical context enhances readers' ability to discern implicit meanings, tones, and underlying messages within diverse written materials.

    Alternativas da questão 3171710
    Estatísticas Cadernos

  19. Questão 859

    ID 3171709

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Fonética e Pronúncia | Phonetics And Pronunciation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IGEDUC - Instituto de Apoio à Gestão e Educação Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pombos

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    Word stress in American English is a crucial aspect of pronunciation. It involves emphasizing a specific syllable within a word, and its correct application plays a significant role in conveying meaning and maintaining intelligibility.

    Alternativas da questão 3171709
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  20. Questão 860

    ID 3171708

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Metodologias e Abordagens de Ensino | Teaching Methods And Approaches

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IGEDUC - Instituto de Apoio à Gestão e Educação Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Pombos

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    A teoria da aprendizagem significativa de Ausubel defende que o papel do educador nas escolas públicas é o de conhecer a realidade de cada estudante com o objetivo de promover aulas e momentos de aprendizagem pouco significativos.

    Alternativas da questão 3171708
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