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Questões de Língua Inglesa

35.421 questões encontradas

  1. Questão 801

    ID 3171767

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Preposições de Tempo | Prepositions Of Time

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDATEC - Fundação Universidade Empresa de Tecnologia e Ciências Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Vista Gaúcha

    The Last Beatles Song

    1. Almost 50 years since Lennon recorded the earliest version of “Now and Then”, fans will
    2. soon be able to hear the last ever Beatles song. One final, stirring encore from the four Scousers
    3. who changed music forever. Working alongside “Get Back” director Peter Jackson’s team, the final
    4. version is due for worldwide release on Thursday 2 November. But as many Beatles fans will know,
    5. today’s gift is yesterday’s curse. The story of its release is a complicated saga in which only Paul
    6. McCartney and Ringo Starr will ever get to enjoy these last, bittersweet fruits of their labor, once
    7. John Lennon and George Harrison have passed.
    8. Despite Lennon having announced his intentions to quit the band in 1969, the Fab Four
    9. didn’t officially split until five years later. Lennon composed “Now and Then” in 1978, two years
    10. before he was shot and fatally wounded. Recording it using a boombox, he added it to a cassette
    11. tape labeled “For Paul”, which his widow Yoko Ono gave to McCartney when she found it among
    12. his possessions in 1994. The remaining Beatles released two of the songs on the cassette – “Free
    13. as a Bird” and “Real Love” – shortly after, aided by producer Jeff Lynne. But despite their attempts
    14. in 1995 to work on a version of “Now and Then”, they were forced to shelve the project due to the
    15. poor quality of the recording.
    16. Around two decades later, Jackson (best known for his epic fantasy trilogies “The Lord of
    17. the Rings” and “The Hobbit”) and dialogue editor Emile de la Rey were working on “The Beatles:
    18. Get Back docuseries”, using cutting-edge technology developed by his studio, WingNut Films, to
    19. de-mix the film’s mono soundtrack. This way, it became possible to separate the individual voices
    20. and unearth conversations that had previously never been heard before. McCartney wondered,
    21. could the same be achieved with the shelved recording he had long considered unfinished
    22. business?
    23. Jackson, de la Rey, and a dedicated sound team got to work, applying the same technique
    24. to separate Lennon’s vocal performance from the piano, while maintaining the integrity and clarity
    25. of the original recording. “There it was, John’s voice, crystal clear,” McCartney says, of the moment
    26. he heard Lennon’s clean vocals for the first time. “It’s quite emotional. And we all play on it, it’s a
    27. genuine Beatles recording. In 2023, to still be working on Beatles music, and about to release a
    28. new song the public haven’t heard, I think it’s an exciting thing.” He and Starr completed the song
    29. last year. “It was the closest we’ll ever come to having him back in the room so it was very
    30. emotional for all of us,” Starr says. “It was like John was there, you know. It’s far out.”
    31. This final chapter of The Beatles’ recorded history will also be marked by two collections —
    32. The Beatles’ 1962-1966 (The Red Album) and The Beatles 1967-1970 (The Blue Album). The
    33. release of “Now and Then” will be preceded by a 12-minute documentary, scheduled for a global
    34. premiere __ The Beatles’ YouTube channel __ 1 November __ 7.30 pm. The short film tells the
    35. full story behind the making of the song, and features exclusive footage __ McCartney, Starr,
    36. Harrison, Jackson, and Sean Lennon, who’s John’s son. The official music video will then be
    37. debuted __ Friday 3 November. “It was incredibly touching to hear them working together after
    38. all the years that dad had been gone. It’s the last song my dad, Paul, George and Ringo got to
    39. make together,” Sean Lennon says. “It’s like a time capsule and all feels very meant to be.”

    (Available in: https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/last-beatles-song-now-and-then-john-lennon-b2436396.html – text especially adapted for this test)



    Mark the alternative that correctly fills out the gaps in the last paragraph (lines 34, 35 and 37), in the order they appear in the text.

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  2. Questão 802

    ID 3171766

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas Órgão: Tribunal de Contas do Estado de São Paulo

    READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 26 TO 30:

    Chatbots could be used to steal data, says cybersecurity agency

    The UK’s cybersecurity agency has warned that there is an increasing risk that chatbots could be manipulated by hackers.

    The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has said that individuals could manipulate the prompts of chatbots, which run on artificial intelligence by creating a language model and give answers to questions by users, through “prompt injection” attacks that would make them behave in an unintended manner.

    The point of a chatbot is to mimic human-like conversations, which it has been trained to do through scraping large amounts of data. Commonly used in online banking or online shopping, chatbots are generally designed to handle simple requests.

    Large language models, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s AI chatbot Bard, are trained using data that generates human-like responses to user prompts. Since chatbots are used to pass data to third-party applications and services, the NCSC has said that risks from malicious “prompt injection” will grow.

    For instance, if a user inputs a statement or question that a language model is not familiar with, or if they find a combination of words to override the model’s original script or prompts, the user can cause the model to perform unintended actions.

    Such inputs could cause a chatbot to generate offensive content or reveal confidential information in a system that accepts unchecked input.

    According to the NCSC, prompt injection attacks can also cause real world consequences, if systems are not designed with security. The vulnerability of chatbots and the ease with which prompts can be manipulated could cause attacks, scams and data theft. The large language models are increasingly used to pass data to third-party applications and services, meaning the risks from malicious prompt injection will grow.

    The NCSC said: “Prompt injection and data poisoning attacks can be extremely difficult to detect and mitigate. However, no model exists in isolation, so what we can do is design the whole system with security in mind.”

    The NCSC said that cyber-attacks caused by artificial intelligence and machine learning that leaves systems vulnerable can be mitigated through designing for security and understanding the attack techniques that exploit “inherent vulnerabilities” in machine learning algorithm.

    Adapted from: The Guardian, Wednesday 30 August 2023, page 4.



    According to the text, attacks, scams and data theft are actions that should be:

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  3. Questão 803

    ID 3171765

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Consulplan Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Nova Friburgo

    Read the text carefully to answer question 40.

    It is the chosen shared language spoken between individuals with different first languages, sometimes referred to as “common languages” or “link languages”, usually pre-existing languages with a colonial history, which are learned by non-native speakers as a foreign language and then used as a way to communicate with other non-native speakers. It is typically considered a functional language used as a tool for communication, meaning it is usually independent of linguistic history and culture. For the past 20 or so years, linguists have been examining the norms and features of this language, and although there is much variety in communication, some shared characteristics, particularly in terms of word choice, grammar, and pronunciation, often appear.

    (Avalaible on: https://www.studysmarter)



    The above explanation matches:

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  4. Questão 804

    ID 3171764

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Notícias e Artigos Jornalísticos | News Articles

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Consulplan Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Nova Friburgo

    Read the text to answer question 39.

    There are three classes of e-bikes:

    Class I – assistance when you pedal which stops when you reach 20 mph.

    Class II – equipped with a throttle for a boost without pedaling, which stops assisting at 20 mph. Class I and Class II e-bikes can go anywhere you’d take a traditional bike, specifically, a flat surface like a bike path.

    Class III – equipped with a speedometer and assists up to 28 mph. They are a popular choice for commuters.

    There are also a few common e-bike styles, any of which may be within those three classes. Common styles include:

    • Cruiser.

    • Commuter.

    • Mountain.

    • Road.

    Cruisers are great for a casual cruise around town. Commuter e-bikes are made with narrow tires and an upright design so you can comfortably get to work fast. Mountain e-bikes are for off-road adventurers. Road bikes are similar to cruisers and intended for pleasure riding on paved surfaces, but they have narrow tires and drop handlebars for fast riding. An e-bike can be used for anything you would use a regular bike for, whether you’re riding to work or having a good time. Most of the time, we see riders purchase e-bikes for one of three reasons: commuting, exercise, or recreation. From regular exercise to sensory stimulation to that feel-good factor you get from a great bike ride, there’s a lot to love about commuting to work on your bike. Studies have shown that cyclists are the happiest commuters. Small wonder, given that riding your bike to work each day lowers your risk of cardiovascular disease and certain cancers while giving you a significant cognitive function boost. E-bikes add that little extra oomph, allowing you to manage even the worst hills without batting an eye.

    (Available on: https://flyridesusa.com/pages/ebike-guide-for-beginners.)



    Texts types, also known as genres or text forms, refer to categories of texts with different purposes, each having a different convention of style and structure. Being so, the purpose of the featured text is to:

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  5. Questão 805

    ID 3171763

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Concordância Verbal | Subject-Verb Agreement

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Consulplan Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Nova Friburgo

    Analyse the set of sentences to answer question 36.

    1. The police are trying to find the convict who fled jail.

    2. Fred or Wilma clean the church windows every now and then.

    3. All proceeds from the concert goes to the flood victims.

    4. Neither Bob nor James is very congenial and caring with elders.

    5. I wish it were Friday because everyone is so exhausted already.

    6. If the fumigating guys don’t come soon, the mice is wrecking all wiring.

    7. The politician, along with the newsmen, is supposed to come today.

    8. It is necessary that he be here on time, or he’ll lose this job.

    9. I wouldn’t buy such an expensive gadget if I were you.

    10. A lot of useful information is available on the Internet.



    Subject-verb agreement, also “subject-verb concord,” concerns to matching subject and verb in tense, aspect, and mood (abbreviated TAM), which translates to number, person, and gender. The item that points out verb-subject agreement inconsistencies is:

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  6. Questão 806

    ID 3171762

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Sinônimos | Synonyms

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Objetiva Concursos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Passo Fundo

    What life in medieval Europe was really like

    A time of innovation, philosophy, and legendary works of art: the realities of the medieval period (500 to 1500 C.E.) in Europe may surprise you. Many know the years before the Renaissance and _________________ that followed as Europe’s “Dark Ages,” a time of backward, slovenly, and brutal people who were technologically primitive and hopelessly superstitious.

    Sure, it would take until the 19th century for the germ theory of disease to overtake the concept of humors and “miasmas” that could damage human health. But the ___________ image of medieval people as slovenly, unwashed, and lacking hygiene is false. In fact, both indoor and outdoor bathing were beloved in Europe. People not only made and used soap at home, but they frequented bathhouses—some public, some private, some merely fronts for brothels.

    A myth persists that during the Middle Ages, the unenlightened believed Earth was flat and worried that ships might even fall off the planet’s edge. That’s patently false: People knew the planet was a sphere as far back as ancient Greece (12th to 9th centuries B.C.), and had relatively complex astronomical and planetary ______________ by the time Christopher Columbus made his voyage to the Americas in 1492.

    The so-called “Dark Ages” is a myth historians have spent years trying to disprove. The myth seems to stem from some authors’ use of “dark” to refer to everything from a 14th-century poet’s complaints about the quality of local literature to a 17th-century historian’s failed attempt to find historical sources from centuries earlier.

    (Fonte: National Geographic — adaptado.)



    Check the item that CORRECTLY fills the gaps in the text:

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  7. Questão 807

    ID 3171761

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Sufixos | Suffixes

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Consulplan Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Nova Friburgo

    In order to make students aware of some specific linguistic and grammar aspects, and increase lexical knowledge, a teacher presented them two groups of words to be examined and discussed.

    Group 1: coal – festival – meal – litoral – petal – seal – vial – goal

    Group 2: arrival – denial – refusal – burial – betrayal – approval – survival – referral

    The teacher’s word choice had a didactic intention as he/she planned to ask questions aiming at guiding students’ observations and insights. Choose the item displaying the criterion that justifiesthe teacher’s word choice in both groups.

    Alternativas da questão 3171761
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  8. Questão 808

    ID 3171760

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: CESPE CEBRASPE - Centro de Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos UnB Órgão: Transportadora Brasileira Gasoduto Bolívia-Brasil S/A

    In the quest for technological advancements that can revolutionize our world, the scientific community has always been captivated by the elusive phenomenon of superconductivity. For decades, researchers have strived to unlock its full potential, seeking to discover materials that can exhibit superconducting properties at room temperature. And now, the wait might finally be over! Enter LK-99, a groundbreaking potential room-temperature superconductor that has sent shockwaves through the scientific world, spearheaded by a team of brilliant minds from Korea University, led by esteemed researchers Sukbae Lee and Ji-Hoon Kim.

    Superconductors are materials that can conduct electricity with zero resistance, leading to unprecedented energy efficiency and technological advancements. In summary, LK-99 represents an exciting prospect as a potential room-temperature superconductor, but its superconducting properties have yet to be confirmed and independently verified.

    Room temperature superconductors could revolutionize the energy sector by enabling lossless power transmission over long distances. With reduced energy dissipation during transmission, electricity could be distributed more efficiently, lowering carbon footprints and electricity costs.

    Internet: <dataconomy.com/> (adapted).

    According to the preceding text, judge the following items.



    According to the text, scientists have long been seeking to recreate the experiment that uses LK-99.

    Alternativas da questão 3171760
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  9. Questão 809

    ID 3171759

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Must

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IDESG - Instituto de Desenvolvimento Social e Tecnologia Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Mutum

    Choose the CORRECT answer.

    “I hate paying for traffic tickets! Therefore, I _________ follow the speed limit.”

    Alternativas da questão 3171759
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  10. Questão 810

    ID 3171758

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Sufixos | Suffixes

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IDESG - Instituto de Desenvolvimento Social e Tecnologia Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Mutum

    Which word does not have the correct suffix? Choose the INCORRECT answer.

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  11. Questão 811

    ID 3171757

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Agreement

    Ano: 2023 Banca: CESPE CEBRASPE - Centro de Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos UnB Órgão: Transportadora Brasileira Gasoduto Bolívia-Brasil S/A

    Internet: <alexhallat.com> (adapted).

    Judge the following items, according to the preceding comic strip.



    The words “beautiful” (third box) and “lucky” (fifth box) belong to the same word class.

    Alternativas da questão 3171757
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  12. Questão 812

    ID 3171756

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Sinônimos | Synonyms

    Ano: 2023 Banca: CESPE CEBRASPE - Centro de Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos UnB Órgão: Ministério Público Estadual de Rondônia

    Text 2A7

    Artificial intelligence (AI) is arguably the most rapidly advancing technology humans have ever developed. A year ago, you wouldn’t often hear AI come up in a regular conversation, but today it seems there’s constant talk about how generative AI tools like ChatGPT and DALL-E will affect the future of work, the spread of information, and more. A major question that has thus far been almost entirely unexamined is how this AI-dominated future will affect people’s minds.

    There’s been some research into how using AI in their jobs will affect people mentally, but there isn’t yet an understanding of how simply living amongst so much AI-generated content and systems will affect people’s sense of the world. How is AI going to change individuals and society in the not-too-distant future?

    AI will obviously make it easier to produce disinformation. That will affect people’s sense of trust as they’re scrolling on social media. AI can also allow someone to imitate your loved ones, which further erodes people’s general ability to trust what was once unquestionable.

    Internet: <wired.com> (adapted).



    In the context of text 2A7-I, the word “amongst” could be correctly replaced by

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  13. Questão 813

    ID 3171755

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Notícias e Artigos Jornalísticos | News Articles

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDATEC - Fundação Universidade Empresa de Tecnologia e Ciências Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Campo Bom

    Instruction: answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text. The highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.

    He donated blood and saved the lives of 2.4 million babies

    01 Most people get a gold watch when they retire. James Harrison deserves so much more than

    02 that. Known as the “Man With the Golden Arm,” Harrison has donated blood nearly every week

    03 for 60 years, and after all those donations, the 81-year-old Australian man “retired” Friday.

    04 According to the Australian Red Cross Blood Service, he has helped save the lives of more than

    05 2.4 million Australian babies because his blood has unique, disease-fighting antibodies.

    06 Harrison’s antibodies have been used to develop an injection called Anti-D, which helps

    07 fight against rhesus disease. This disease is a condition where a pregnant woman has rhesus-

    08 negative blood (RhD negative) and the baby in her womb has rhesus-positive blood (RhD

    09 positive), inherited from its father. If the mother has been sensitized to rhesus-positive blood,

    10 usually during a previous pregnancy with a rhesus-positive baby, she may produce antibodies

    11 that destroy the baby’s “foreign” blood cells. In the worst cases, it can result in brain damage,

    12 or death, for the babies.

    13 Harrison’s remarkable gift of giving started when he had major chest surgery when he was

    14 just 14. Blood donations saved his life, so he pledged to become a blood donor. A few years

    15 later, doctors discovered his blood contained the antibody which could be used to create Anti-D

    16 injections, so he switched over to making blood plasma donations to help as many people as

    17 possible. Doctors aren’t exactly sure why Harrison has this rare blood type, but they think it

    18 might be from the transfusions he received when he was 14, after his surgery. He’s one of no

    19 more than 50 people in Australia known to have the antibodies, according to the blood service.

    20 “In Australia, up until about 1967, there were literally thousands of babies dying each year,

    21 doctors didn’t know why, and it was awful.” Jemma Falkenmire, of the Australian Red Cross

    22 Blood Service, told CNN. “Australia was one of the first countries to discover a blood donor with

    23 this antibody, so it was quite revolutionary at the time.”

    24 The blood service estimates Harrison saved more than two million lives, and for that, he is

    25 considered a national hero in Australia. He’s won numerous awards for his generosity, including

    26 the Medal of the Order of Australia, one of the country’s most prestigious honors. Now that

    27 Harrison has given his last blood donation (in Australia you can’t donate blood past the age of

    28 81), Falkenmire and others hope people with similar antibodies in their blood will step up and

    29 donate.

    (Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/2018/05/11/health/james-harrison-blood-donor-retires-trnd/index.html – text especially adapted for this test).



    Mark the INCORRECT alternative about the text.

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  14. Questão 814

    ID 3171754

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Metodologias e Abordagens de Ensino | Teaching Methods And Approaches

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Objetiva Concursos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Sagrada Família

    Considerando-se as etapas da rotina padrão de aula, numerar a 2ª coluna de acordo com a 1ª e, após, assinalar a alternativa que apresenta a sequência CORRETA:

    (1) Warm up.

    (2) Modelagem das estruturas na apresentação do novo material.

    (3) Atividade de fluência.

    ( ) Apresentação de um texto, unidade do material didático, gravação ou outra atividade.

    ( ) Conversa casual com a classe, a fim de despertar motivação geral para introduzir o novo material.

    ( ) Atividade em que o aluno utiliza a língua para expressar suas próprias experiências.

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  15. Questão 815

    ID 3171753

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Pronomes Possessivos Adjetivos | Possessive Adjectives

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IDESG - Instituto de Desenvolvimento Social e Tecnologia Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Mutum

    Choose the CORRECT answer.

    “An orphan is a child _________ parents are dead.”

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  16. Questão 816

    ID 3171752

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Advérbios de Modo | Adverbs Of Manner

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDATEC - Fundação Universidade Empresa de Tecnologia e Ciências Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Nova Santa Rita - PI

    Instruction: Answer questions 29 to 36 based on the following text. The highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.

    Watch your back! Idioms with the word ‘back’

    01 There are __ extraordinary number of phrases containing the word ‘back’, and some use

    02 ‘back’ in the sense of __ part of __ body. Several phrases make use of the idea that if someone

    03 is behind you, you can’t see them so you don’t know what they are doing. For example, if you do

    04 something behind someone’s back, you do it without them knowing about it. Similarly, if you do

    05 something while someone’s back is turned, you do it when they are not able to see or notice you:

    06 His staff started whispering about him behind his back. / As soon as her back was turned, we

    07 crept out of the room.

    08 The idea of not being able to see what is behind you also features in some phrases to do

    09 with possible danger or harm. For instance, if someone tells you to watch your back, they mean

    10 that you should be careful because people around you may harm you, either physically or in

    11 other ways. If you cover your back, you make sure you can’t be blamed or criticized for something

    12 at a later time and if someone you trusted stabs you in the back, they harm you when you do not

    13 deserve it: You need to watch your back because you’ve upset lots of people around here. / I sent

    14 the documents to my boss, just to cover my back. / When my friend told my parents my secret,

    15 I felt she’d stabbed me in the back.

    16 Informally, if someone is on your back, they are constantly criticizing you or forcing you to

    17 do things, but if you get someone off your back, you manage to stop them from behaving this

    18 way. If you have your back to the wall, you have some very serious problems and you don’t have

    19 many options about what you can do: My parents are always on my back about getting a job. / I

    20 gave him the money just to get him off my back. / She didn’t want to fire her employees but she

    21 had her back to the wall.

    22 To finish this list, here are two nice phrases. First, if you say that you could do something

    23 with one arm/hand tied behind your back, you mean that it is very easy. And second, you scratch

    24 my back and I’ll scratch yours means that you will help someone if they help you: My mum could

    25 make a cake like that with one arm tied behind her back. / There are plenty of ways we can help

    26 each other. You scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours.

    (Available at: https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2023/03/01/watch-your-back-idioms-with-the-word-back/ – text especially adapted for this test).



    The underlined words in the text are all adverbs, EXCEPT for:

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  17. Questão 817

    ID 3171751

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas Órgão: Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Minas Gerais

    READ TEXT III AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 46 TO 50

    Text III

    English as an Additional Language: Enhancing Critical Digital Literacy

    EAL classrooms are spaces to build communicative competence in the English language. That language has a unique role for many people around the world. For those without financial resources who do not live in English dominant countries, the digital sphere is perhaps the only space in which authentic use of the language is likely to take place. For learners situated in inner circle countries, effective use of the language can make the difference between social, economic and political exclusion, or inclusion. This is also true for a lesser extent in outer circle countries. For those in expanding circle countries, English is becoming a language of the global elite in political, economic, and academic life. In all of these circles, it is often used as a lingua franca. Sociocultural theory states that true competence in encoding and decoding language can only exist when there is an understanding of the cultural realities attached to the communication when it is used. Digital media provide the vector of communication for a tremendous number of communicative acts in all of the circles, but communication in the digital medium carries special attributes that are not necessarily obvious or transparent. Therefore, it seems imperative to arm language users with an understanding of communication issues the digital realm as well as an understanding of the implication of communication in this space. Furthermore, there is an ethical responsibility to empower language users from a variety of background with equal agency and therefore equal voice. Doing so requires more than just technical skills, but also skills of critique and critical language awareness, productive ability, and an understanding of agency and rights claims that stretch from the linguistic to the economic and political. By reimagining Critical Language Awareness as a component of a multiliteracy approach that encompasses the full spectrum of analogue to digital communication in English, teachers, students, and policy makers can work toward making language studies as relevant, authentic, and empowering as possible.

    Adapted from: (PDF) English as an Additional Language: Enhancing Critical Digital Literacy (researchgate.net)



    Analyse the assertions below based on Text III:

    I. Digital literacy involves issues that go beyond technical skills.

    II. English as a lingua franca is not used by outer circle countries.

    III. Awareness of cultural realities is needed when communicating in English.

    Choose the correct answer:

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  18. Questão 818

    ID 3171750

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Substituição de Palavras e Reescrita de Frases | Word Substitution And Sentence Rewriting

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas Órgão: Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Minas Gerais

    READ TEXT III AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 46 TO 50

    Text III

    English as an Additional Language: Enhancing Critical Digital Literacy

    EAL classrooms are spaces to build communicative competence in the English language. That language has a unique role for many people around the world. For those without financial resources who do not live in English dominant countries, the digital sphere is perhaps the only space in which authentic use of the language is likely to take place. For learners situated in inner circle countries, effective use of the language can make the difference between social, economic and political exclusion, or inclusion. This is also true for a lesser extent in outer circle countries. For those in expanding circle countries, English is becoming a language of the global elite in political, economic, and academic life. In all of these circles, it is often used as a lingua franca. Sociocultural theory states that true competence in encoding and decoding language can only exist when there is an understanding of the cultural realities attached to the communication when it is used. Digital media provide the vector of communication for a tremendous number of communicative acts in all of the circles, but communication in the digital medium carries special attributes that are not necessarily obvious or transparent. Therefore, it seems imperative to arm language users with an understanding of communication issues the digital realm as well as an understanding of the implication of communication in this space. Furthermore, there is an ethical responsibility to empower language users from a variety of background with equal agency and therefore equal voice. Doing so requires more than just technical skills, but also skills of critique and critical language awareness, productive ability, and an understanding of agency and rights claims that stretch from the linguistic to the economic and political. By reimagining Critical Language Awareness as a component of a multiliteracy approach that encompasses the full spectrum of analogue to digital communication in English, teachers, students, and policy makers can work toward making language studies as relevant, authentic, and empowering as possible.

    Adapted from: (PDF) English as an Additional Language: Enhancing Critical Digital Literacy (researchgate.net)



    In “to arm language users”, the word “arm” is a(n)

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  19. Questão 819

    ID 3171749

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Adição | Addition

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDATEC - Fundação Universidade Empresa de Tecnologia e Ciências Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Nova Santa Rita - PI

    Instruction: Answer questions 29 to 36 based on the following text. The highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.

    Watch your back! Idioms with the word ‘back’

    01 There are __ extraordinary number of phrases containing the word ‘back’, and some use

    02 ‘back’ in the sense of __ part of __ body. Several phrases make use of the idea that if someone

    03 is behind you, you can’t see them so you don’t know what they are doing. For example, if you do

    04 something behind someone’s back, you do it without them knowing about it. Similarly, if you do

    05 something while someone’s back is turned, you do it when they are not able to see or notice you:

    06 His staff started whispering about him behind his back. / As soon as her back was turned, we

    07 crept out of the room.

    08 The idea of not being able to see what is behind you also features in some phrases to do

    09 with possible danger or harm. For instance, if someone tells you to watch your back, they mean

    10 that you should be careful because people around you may harm you, either physically or in

    11 other ways. If you cover your back, you make sure you can’t be blamed or criticized for something

    12 at a later time and if someone you trusted stabs you in the back, they harm you when you do not

    13 deserve it: You need to watch your back because you’ve upset lots of people around here. / I sent

    14 the documents to my boss, just to cover my back. / When my friend told my parents my secret,

    15 I felt she’d stabbed me in the back.

    16 Informally, if someone is on your back, they are constantly criticizing you or forcing you to

    17 do things, but if you get someone off your back, you manage to stop them from behaving this

    18 way. If you have your back to the wall, you have some very serious problems and you don’t have

    19 many options about what you can do: My parents are always on my back about getting a job. / I

    20 gave him the money just to get him off my back. / She didn’t want to fire her employees but she

    21 had her back to the wall.

    22 To finish this list, here are two nice phrases. First, if you say that you could do something

    23 with one arm/hand tied behind your back, you mean that it is very easy. And second, you scratch

    24 my back and I’ll scratch yours means that you will help someone if they help you: My mum could

    25 make a cake like that with one arm tied behind her back. / There are plenty of ways we can help

    26 each other. You scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours.

    (Available at: https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2023/03/01/watch-your-back-idioms-with-the-word-back/ – text especially adapted for this test).



    The “either-or” conjunction combination is usually used to connect two items in affirmative sentences, as seen in line 10. Which of the following sentences show a grammatically correct use of the negative structure?

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  20. Questão 820

    ID 3171748

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Contraste | Contrast

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUVEST - Fundação Universitária para o Vestibular da USP Órgão: Universidade de São Paulo

    TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 29 A 31.

    With nearly 30 percent of its people 65 and over, Japan has the oldest population on Earth (except tiny Monaco). Its median age of 48.7 far exceeds the world's, at 30.2.

    The numbers, though stark, don't convey how profoundly this demographic shift is playing out day to day. The increasingly disproportionate mix of more and more seniors and fewer and fewer young people is already altering every aspect of life in Japan, from its physical appearance to its social policies, from business strategy to the labor market, from public spaces to private homes.

    If Japan is any guide, aging will change the fabric of society in ways both obvious and subtle. It will run up a huge tab that governments will struggle to pay. Meeting the challenge won't be easy, but the future isn't necessarily all downhill. Japan's experience, with its characteristic attention to detail and design, suggests extreme aging may inspire an era of innovation.

    In 2020, Japan's health ministry launched eight “living labs” dedicated to developing nursing-care robots. Yetin a way, the entire country is one big living lab grappling with the repercussions of a rapidly aging society. In business, academia, and communities around Japan, countless experiments are under way, all aiming to keep the old healthy for as long as possible while easing the burden of caring for society's frailest.

    Disponível em

    https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/japan-aging-adapting-shrinking-population-feature (adaptado).



    Em “The numbers, though stark, don't convey how profoundly this demographic shift is playing out” (2º parágrafo), o segmento “though stark” equivale, em português, a

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