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Questões de Língua Inglesa

35.421 questões encontradas

  1. Questão 361

    ID 3172207

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Notícias e Artigos Jornalísticos | News Articles

    Ano: 2023 Banca: CESPE CEBRASPE - Centro de Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos UnB Órgão: Serviço Federal de Processamento de Dados

    Tracy Chou is a 31-year-old programmer — and “an absolute rock star,” as her former boss Ben Silbermann, the CEO and co-founder of Pinterest, once said. Yet for all her street cred, Chou still finds herself grappling with one of the biggest problems in the industry: Female programmers are regarded skeptically, and sometimes even treated with flat-out hostility. She’s seen the same pattern of behavior personally during her decade in coding: colleagues who muse openly about whether women are biologically less wired to be great programmers.

    There’s a deep irony here — because women were in computing from its earliest days. Indeed, they were considered essential back when “computers” were not even yet machines. Just before the digital age emerged, computers were humans. And for a time, a large portion of them were women.

    Soon, the human computers faced an even more existential threat: digital computers, which promised to work with far greater speed and to handle complex math.

    Women, though, were among the original coders of these strange new digital brains, because in the early days programming was seen as dull work. The earliest programmers for the Eniac — the military-funded first programmable general-purpose computer — were entirely women. And though they wound up inventing brilliant coding techniques, they received none of the glory: When the Army showed off the Eniac to the press, it did not introduce the women who had written the code.

    Internet: <smithsonianmag.com> (adapted).

    Judge the following items about the previous text and the information stated in it as well as the vocabulary used in it.



    This is an informative text which mingles formal and colloquial vocabulary, such as “street cred”.

    Alternativas da questão 3172207
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  2. Questão 362

    ID 3172206

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Objetiva Concursos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Candiota

    The world’s oldest map of the night sky was amazingly accurate

    Newly discovered fragments of 2,200-year-old star coordinates—once thought lost—reveal the incredible skill of the ancient astronomer Hipparchus.

    Some 2,200 years ago, the Greek astronomer Hipparchus helped ___________ a new way of understanding the motions of the stars that persists to this day. By imagining Earth at the center of a celestial sphere, he used a coordinate system similar to latitude and longitude, which had recently been devised, to measure the precise positions of the stars.

    “He was arguably the greatest ancient astronomer. At least the greatest known to us by name,” says Victor Gysembergh, a science historian at the French National Center for Scientific Research.

    Many ancient Greek scientists believed that Earth was literally at the center of the universe, and the stars and other celestial bodies rotated around it, although a model with Earth orbiting the sun was ___________ in the 3rd century B.C. Although this geocentric model is incorrect, the concept, which Hipparchus used to create the first known star catalog, is still used by scientists to map objects in the sky.

    Hipparchus’s star catalog is the oldest known attempt to document the positions of as many objects in the night sky as possible, and it was the first time that two coordinates were used to pinpoint each object’s location. But that original catalog is lost to time, and we know of it only thanks to the writings of later scientists such as Ptolemy, who created his own star catalog around 150 A.D. and attributed an earlier one to Hipparchus. Until now, the oldest evidence for stellar coordinates from Hipparchus was an 8th-century A.D. Latin translation of a poem about the constellations that includes the coordinates as a kind of annotation.

    Gysembergh and his ___________ recently revealed even older evidence of star coordinates from Hipparchus in a 5th- or 6th-century A.D. Greek version of the same poem, Phenomena, originally written by the Greek poet Aratus in the 3rd century B.C. The poem, along with the accompanying star coordinates, had been erased from a reused medieval parchment and was recovered only through multispectral imaging, which uses different wavelengths of light to highlight the removed text.

    The coordinates for the four stars to the farthest north, south, east, and west of the constellation Corona Borealis are included, though one of them could not be recovered from the manuscript. They were found to be accurate to within one degree of modern values—a remarkable achievement for someone working about 1,700 years before the invention of the telescope.

    (Fonte: National Geographic - adaptado.)



    According to the text, mark the CORRECT alternative:

    Alternativas da questão 3172206
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  3. Questão 363

    ID 3172205

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: CESPE CEBRASPE - Centro de Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos UnB Órgão: Serviço Social da Indústria - São Paulo

    Text 10A1-I

    The literary form Eduardo Galeano has created in his many books is unique: descriptive vignettes that might range from a paragraph to a dozen pages and that progress with a powerful hypnotic rhythm. Each is self-contained and neatly tells its story not only by what it says, but, equally powerfully, by what it leaves out — and by its juxtaposition, or syncopation, with its neighbors.

    Galeano’s book, “Mirrors,” uses this technique to create nothing less than a capsule history of the human race. In some 600 short entries, he travels from prehistory to the present, from the impressionistic to the brutally, precisely documented. Each entry is an avatar of outrage over the depredations of power against its multifarious victims, those rendered helpless by poverty, religion, race, sexual identity or — as in the vignettes about Galileo and Isaac Babel — the simple accident of being right when the truth defined by the prevailing authority was wrong.

    The first dozen or so stories move us from the origin of humanity in desire to a meditation on the likelihood that Adam and Eve were black, an evocation of the mystery of the cave paintings in the Sahara, an explanation of the origin of Indian castes and a tribute to the Rosetta stone. Greek mythology figures centrally in the book, as do the flowering of Moorish civilization in Spain, the Crusades and the Inquisition.

    Internet: <www.nytimes.com> (adapted).



    Based on text 10A1-I, judge the following items.

    I Eduardo Galeano writes short narratives.

    II One of the features of Galeano’s “Mirrors” is the power of the untold aspects of each story.

    III Galeano uses his literary technique to write about the history of capsules produced by the human race.

    Choose the correct option.

    Alternativas da questão 3172205
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  4. Questão 364

    ID 3172204

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Saúde | Health

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FEPESE - Fundação de Estudos e Pesquisas Socioeconômicos Órgão: Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina S.A.

    Endangered plants and Medicine

    Marlene Blau points to a small white flower in the forest near her home. “That’s goldenseal,” she says. “And it helps with all kinds of illnesses. Too bad it’s in danger of extinction.” Blau, who works with a medicinal plant protection group in the northeastern United States, explains that goldenseal has been overharvested in the past 20 years. The plants are picked or transplanted without being replaced.

    Goldenseal isn’t the only endangered plant species. Plenty of other plants, in the US and around the world, are endangered or near extinction. Environmental advisor Tim Gaisford explains, “There are amazing possibilities in plants. For centuries, people have used them in health care. But I wonder whether we can continue using them at this rate, now that there are seven billion people on this planet. Something has to give.”

    According............... the World Health Organization, around 80 percent.....................the world’s population uses plants as its primary source of health care. China and India, for example, have a long history of using plants as the basis................. their traditional remedies. But as these traditional remedies gain popularity.................the developed world, the plants these remedies are based.................. are in trouble.

    Adding to the problem is the fact that many prescription drugs contain compounds found in plants. For example, aspirin is derived from willow bark. Quinine, used to treat malaria, is derived from the cinchona tree. Over sixty percent of cancer drugs are derived from naturally-occurring products. Poorlyplanned harvesting of these plants, together with extensive habitat loss every year, puts a lot of stress on the environment.

    Gaisford said, “I pride myself on a few things. For example, I’ve spent a lot of time advising industries on how to preserve the plants they use. We’ve persuaded some to open sanctuaries for endangered plants, and advised others to develop sustainable methods of harvesting medicinal herbs. We’ve also asked them to use organic farming methods. I’m worried, but not completely discouraged. The more popular plants become, the more they’ll be taken care of, too.”

    Marlene Blau insists that solutions also need to come from the consumers themselves. “When you buy an alternative medicine, look at the label. Ask where it came from, and if the manufacturer used sustainable methods to harvest the plant.” Most of all, remember: just because a natural remedy is good for you doesn’t mean it’s good for nature.



    Mark the alternative which contains the correct meaning of the words in bold.

    Alternativas da questão 3172204
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  5. Questão 365

    ID 3172203

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Condição | Condition

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FGV - Fundação Getúlio Vargas Órgão: Tribunal de Contas do Estado de São Paulo

    READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 26 TO 30:

    Chatbots could be used to steal data, says cybersecurity agency

    The UK’s cybersecurity agency has warned that there is an increasing risk that chatbots could be manipulated by hackers.

    The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has said that individuals could manipulate the prompts of chatbots, which run on artificial intelligence by creating a language model and give answers to questions by users, through “prompt injection” attacks that would make them behave in an unintended manner.

    The point of a chatbot is to mimic human-like conversations, which it has been trained to do through scraping large amounts of data. Commonly used in online banking or online shopping, chatbots are generally designed to handle simple requests.

    Large language models, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s AI chatbot Bard, are trained using data that generates human-like responses to user prompts. Since chatbots are used to pass data to third-party applications and services, the NCSC has said that risks from malicious “prompt injection” will grow.

    For instance, if a user inputs a statement or question that a language model is not familiar with, or if they find a combination of words to override the model’s original script or prompts, the user can cause the model to perform unintended actions.

    Such inputs could cause a chatbot to generate offensive content or reveal confidential information in a system that accepts unchecked input.

    According to the NCSC, prompt injection attacks can also cause real world consequences, if systems are not designed with security. The vulnerability of chatbots and the ease with which prompts can be manipulated could cause attacks, scams and data theft. The large language models are increasingly used to pass data to third-party applications and services, meaning the risks from malicious prompt injection will grow.

    The NCSC said: “Prompt injection and data poisoning attacks can be extremely difficult to detect and mitigate. However, no model exists in isolation, so what we can do is design the whole system with security in mind.”

    The NCSC said that cyber-attacks caused by artificial intelligence and machine learning that leaves systems vulnerable can be mitigated through designing for security and understanding the attack techniques that exploit “inherent vulnerabilities” in machine learning algorithm.

    Adapted from: The Guardian, Wednesday 30 August 2023, page 4.



    “If” in “if they find a combination of words” (5th paragraph) signals a:

    Alternativas da questão 3172203
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  6. Questão 366

    ID 3172202

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Notícias e Artigos Jornalísticos | News Articles

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FEPESE - Fundação de Estudos e Pesquisas Socioeconômicos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Águas de Chapecó

    Text

    Teaching music with a system that works

    Schoolchildren in Britain are set to enjoy high quality teaching from classical music legends thanks ...................an exciting project linked to Venezuela’s world-famous El Sistema orchestra. Four new community orchestras have been created .....................the country in a scheme .......................aims to improve children’s confidence through music. Government departments are providing funds ......................the multi-million pound project in Gateshead, Leeds, Nottingham, and Telford ..................2015.

    El Sistema is the inspiration behind Britain’s In Harmony scheme. In Harmony uses classical music to change the lives of children, and benefit their communities, and families.

    Already, musicians from the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and Manchester Camerata have agreed to take part. They will provide instrumental tuition, ensemble playing practice, and promote wider musical activities in communities. Organizers hope the initiative will give children role models to look up to, and help uncover the next generation of composers, artists, and performers.

    For several years, there have been successful In Harmony projects in London and Liverpool. While the project is all about classical music, some of those who have taken part have shown an interest in other types of music, too. Many of those children whose musical talents really stood out have since begun to learn the piano, drums, or guitar, while others have gone into music production. Some have gone on to record and release their own music, and others now perform regular gigs. Organizers of the scheme want to repeat that success by bringing the project to towns and cities where there are areas of deprivation.

    The project offers disadvantaged children the chance to master a classical instrument with rigorous tuition. Along the way, the children learn valuable teamwork skills, and enjoy a sense of community spirit. In the past, it has transformed attitudes towards classical music, and learning in general. Even children who say that they can’t stand learning instruments at the beginning, sometimes end up wanting to become professional musicians by the end. They often grow to realize that they love making music after playing with others in an orchestra.

    In Harmony will run in selected primary schools whose students will meet several times a week from an early age to play instruments together. The aim is engage all the children in participating schools and communities so they can benefit from sharing the experience. Once the project settles down in the communities where it is launching, it is hoped the children will soon be rehearsing for big performances on the local, regional, or national stage.



    According to the article, the main intention of the author is to:

    Alternativas da questão 3172202
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  7. Questão 367

    ID 3172201

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: May

    Ano: 2023 Banca: VUNESP - Fundação para o Vestibular da Universidade Estadual Paulista Órgão: Companhia de Informática de Jundiaí

    Leia o texto para responder às questões de 26 a 30.

    Advantages of wireless technology

    Wireless communications offer several cost and connectivity benefits for organizations. The rapid rise of remote work – fuelled in part by the pandemic that began in 2020 – has created an environment where employees demand high-performance access to network resources regardless of where they might be.

    Wireless networks can be less expensive to build and maintain since they require fewer switches and other components required by wired infrastructures. New wireless standards – especially among them multiuser, multiple input and multiple output – enable physical Access Points (APs) to serve a greater number of users, further reducing costs.

    Wireless technologies also support novel services, among them location tracking, Internet of Things (IoT) deployments and remote diagnostics. Finally, advances in wireless performance enable organizations to stress mobility as a primary benefit, thus helping them redefine how they design their offices and workgroups.

    (www.techtarget.com/searchmobilecomputing/definition/wireless. Adaptado)



    No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “ where they might be”, o termo destacado em negrito pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

    Alternativas da questão 3172201
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  8. Questão 368

    ID 3172200

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: QUADRIX - Instituto Quadrix Órgão: Conselho Regional dos Técnicos Industriais da Bahia

    Text for items from 31 to 40.

    1 Bahia, state of eastern Brazil, is bounded by Piauí and Pernambuco states to the north, by Alagoas and Sergipe states

    to the northeast, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, by Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais states to the south, and by Goiás

    and Tocantins states to the west. The capital, Salvador, is a port situated at the southern tip of the peninsula that separates

    4 Todos os Santos (All Saints) Bay, a deep natural harbour, from the Atlantic Ocean. The Portuguese first entered the region

    in 1501, through the bay where Salvador is now located, and they called the area Bahia (“Bay”), whence the state derives

    its name.

    7 On All Saints’ Day, November 1, 1501, Portuguese explorers entered the bay on which Salvador now stands; they

    therefore named it Baía de Todos os Santos (All Saints Bay). The subsequent occupation of the vicinity by the Portuguese led

    in 1549 to the merging of four captaincies under the first governor‑general of Brazil, Tomé de Sousa, who in the same year

    10 founded Salvador as the seat of his government.

    The colonization of the territory began in the Recôncavo, where sugarcane and tobacco were grown for export

    and other crops raised for the settlers’ food. In the semiarid interior, cattle raising was considerably stimulated in the 18th

    13 century, when the discovery of gold and gems in the Diamantina Upland attracted more settlers.

    When the Empire of Brazil was proclaimed in 1822, Bahia was still controlled by forces loyal to Portugal, but on

    July 2, 1823, Brazilian troops occupied Salvador, and Bahia became a province of the empire. In 1889, under the republic,

    16 Bahia became a state of the Brazilian republic. During the 1890s a major messianic movement led by the charismatic preacher

    Antônio Vicente Mendes Maciel, known to his followers as Antônio Conselheiro (“Counselor”), and centred at the religious

    settlement of Canudos (in the arid interior of Bahia) was viewed as a subversive threat to the secular republic. It was bloodily

    19 repressed in 1897 in what became known as the War of Canudos. (This event has been immortalized by Peruvian author

    Mario Vargas Llosa as well as many Brazilian writers.)

    During the 19th century there was a revival of agriculture: it was the golden age for sugarcane, coffee was grown

    22 on a large scale, cotton production increased, and the forests of the south were turned into profitable plantations of cacao.

    Rubber plantations were developed at the beginning of the 20th century. By the turn of the 21st century, although agriculture

    remained important, the majority of the state’s income derived from industry, commerce, and tourism.

    Internet: <www.britannica.com> (with adaptations).

    Regarding the text and its linguistics aspects, judge the items from 31 to 40.



    Salvador was founded as seat of the government by the preacher Antônio Conselheiro.

    Alternativas da questão 3172200
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  9. Questão 369

    ID 3172199

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: Objetiva Concursos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Butiá

    Your Brain Could Be Controlling How Sick You Get - And How You Recover

    Hundreds of scientists around the world are looking for ways to treat heart attacks. But few started where Hedva Haykin has: in the brain. Doctor Haykin wants to know whether stimulating a region of the brain involved in positive emotion and motivation can influence how the heart heals.

    Late last year, in a small, ____________ microscope room, she pulled out slides from a thin black box, one by one. On them were slices of hearts, no bigger than pumpkin seeds, from mice that had experienced heart attacks. Under a microscope, some of the samples were clearly marred by scars left in the aftermath of the infarction. Others showed mere ____________ of damage visible among streaks of healthy, red-stained cells.

    The difference in the hearts’ appearance originated in the brain, Haykin explains. The healthier-looking samples came from mice that had received stimulation of a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Those marked with scars were from unstimulated mice. On the basis of her experiments so far, which have not yet been published, activation of this brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to trigger immune changes that contribute to the reduction of scar __________.

    (Fonte: Scientific American - adaptado.)



    According to the last paragraph of text, Dr. Haykin’s conclusion was that:

    Alternativas da questão 3172199
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  10. Questão 370

    ID 3172198

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Yes-No Questions

    Ano: 2023 Banca: ADVISE Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Maravilha

    Want to keep your memory sharp? Here's what science recommends.

    1. Have you ever frantically searched for your phone using the light on your
    2. phone? lt's embarrassing for sure, but that and other things-forgetting a word or
    3. missing an appointment -aren't signs that you're on the road to dementia. ln
    4. fact, we shouldn't accept that our memory will gel worse and worse alter middle
    5. age, because there's a body of research saying otherwise.
    6. While many things about our memory are outside of our control71enetics and
    7. aging for starters-we can tweak our recall ability through lifestyle choices. Just
    8. because we are experiencing normal, age-related memory decline doesn't mean
    9. we can't do something about lt.
    10. Having a higher expectation of our memory skills as we age helps us engage
    11. in more of the very things that maintain recall. Studies show that in cultures
    12. where the older population is not stereotyped as being forgetful, such as in China,
    13. people score better on memory tests. ln other words, folks there aren't
    14. conditioned to give in to the idea that aging and memory loss go hand in hand, so
    15. they naturally put forth more effort into staying mentally engaged.
    16. What are those activities and factors that can grease the wheels of our
    17. memory machinery? The same things that help lower our risk of diseases such as
    18. heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and depression: exercising, eating healthfully,
    19. getting good sleep, socializing, and challenging our mind. ln addition, there are
    20. several memory tricks that people of all ages can learn that can help.
    21. [...]

    Available at: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/top-tips-memory-sharp-age-dementia: 08/06/23. Published June 29, 2023 By Tula Karras



    ‘Have you ever’ (l.1) is completed, grammatically by the alternative:

    Alternativas da questão 3172198
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  11. Questão 371

    ID 3172197

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: ADVISE Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Maravilha

    Want to keep your memory sharp? Here's what science recommends.

    1. Have you ever frantically searched for your phone using the light on your
    2. phone? lt's embarrassing for sure, but that and other things-forgetting a word or
    3. missing an appointment -aren't signs that you're on the road to dementia. ln
    4. fact, we shouldn't accept that our memory will gel worse and worse alter middle
    5. age, because there's a body of research saying otherwise.
    6. While many things about our memory are outside of our control71enetics and
    7. aging for starters-we can tweak our recall ability through lifestyle choices. Just
    8. because we are experiencing normal, age-related memory decline doesn't mean
    9. we can't do something about lt.
    10. Having a higher expectation of our memory skills as we age helps us engage
    11. in more of the very things that maintain recall. Studies show that in cultures
    12. where the older population is not stereotyped as being forgetful, such as in China,
    13. people score better on memory tests. ln other words, folks there aren't
    14. conditioned to give in to the idea that aging and memory loss go hand in hand, so
    15. they naturally put forth more effort into staying mentally engaged.
    16. What are those activities and factors that can grease the wheels of our
    17. memory machinery? The same things that help lower our risk of diseases such as
    18. heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and depression: exercising, eating healthfully,
    19. getting good sleep, socializing, and challenging our mind. ln addition, there are
    20. several memory tricks that people of all ages can learn that can help.
    21. [...]

    Available at: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/premium/article/top-tips-memory-sharp-age-dementia: 08/06/23. Published June 29, 2023 By Tula Karras



    The text’s central topic is:

    Alternativas da questão 3172197
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  12. Questão 372

    ID 3172196

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Metodologias e Abordagens de Ensino | Teaching Methods And Approaches

    Ano: 2023 Banca: VUNESP - Fundação para o Vestibular da Universidade Estadual Paulista Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Guararema

    Leia o texto para responder às questões de 35 a 43.

    Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) was a 1970s reaction to much that had gone before - namely the grammatical patterning of structural-situationalism and the rigidity of the drill-type methodology that Audio-lingualism made varying use of.

    CLT has two main guiding principles: the first is that language is not just patterns of grammar with vocabulary items slotted in, but also involves language functions such as inviting, agreeing and disagreeing, suggesting, etc, which students should learn how to perform using a variety of language exponents (e.g. we can invite by saying ‘Would you like to come to the cinema?’, ‘D’you fancy coming to the cinema?’, ‘What about coming to the cinema?’, ‘How about a film?’, ‘Are you on for a film?’, etc). Students also need to be aware of the necessity for appropriacy when talking and writing to people in terms of the kind of language they use (formal, informal, tentative, technical, etc). CLT is not just about the language, in other words, it is about how it is used.

    The second principle of Communicative Language Teaching is that if students get enough exposure to language, and opportunities for language use - and if they are motivated - then language learning will take care of itself. As a result, the focus of much CLT has been on students communicating real messages, and not just grammatically controlled language. The deployment of many communicative activities, where students use all and any language they know to communicate, shows this aspect of CLT at work. Communicative Language Teaching has had a thoroughly beneficial effect since it reminded teachers that people learn languages not so that they know about them, but so that they can communicate with them. Giving students different kinds of language, pointing them towards aspects of style and appropriacy, and above all giving them opportunities to try out real language within the classroom humanized what had sometimes been too rigidly controlled.

    (HARMER, Jeremy. How to teach English. Longman, 1998. P. 50. Adaptado)



    In paragraph 3, the author mentions that, among other conditions, within the Communicative Language Teaching “language learning will take care of itself” if

    Alternativas da questão 3172196
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  13. Questão 373

    ID 3172195

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Preposições de Movimento | Prepositions Of Movement

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FEPESE - Fundação de Estudos e Pesquisas Socioeconômicos Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Águas de Chapecó

    Text

    Teaching music with a system that works

    Schoolchildren in Britain are set to enjoy high quality teaching from classical music legends thanks ...................an exciting project linked to Venezuela’s world-famous El Sistema orchestra. Four new community orchestras have been created .....................the country in a scheme .......................aims to improve children’s confidence through music. Government departments are providing funds ......................the multi-million pound project in Gateshead, Leeds, Nottingham, and Telford ..................2015.

    El Sistema is the inspiration behind Britain’s In Harmony scheme. In Harmony uses classical music to change the lives of children, and benefit their communities, and families.

    Already, musicians from the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and Manchester Camerata have agreed to take part. They will provide instrumental tuition, ensemble playing practice, and promote wider musical activities in communities. Organizers hope the initiative will give children role models to look up to, and help uncover the next generation of composers, artists, and performers.

    For several years, there have been successful In Harmony projects in London and Liverpool. While the project is all about classical music, some of those who have taken part have shown an interest in other types of music, too. Many of those children whose musical talents really stood out have since begun to learn the piano, drums, or guitar, while others have gone into music production. Some have gone on to record and release their own music, and others now perform regular gigs. Organizers of the scheme want to repeat that success by bringing the project to towns and cities where there are areas of deprivation.

    The project offers disadvantaged children the chance to master a classical instrument with rigorous tuition. Along the way, the children learn valuable teamwork skills, and enjoy a sense of community spirit. In the past, it has transformed attitudes towards classical music, and learning in general. Even children who say that they can’t stand learning instruments at the beginning, sometimes end up wanting to become professional musicians by the end. They often grow to realize that they love making music after playing with others in an orchestra.

    In Harmony will run in selected primary schools whose students will meet several times a week from an early age to play instruments together. The aim is engage all the children in participating schools and communities so they can benefit from sharing the experience. Once the project settles down in the communities where it is launching, it is hoped the children will soon be rehearsing for big performances on the local, regional, or national stage.



    Choose the alternative that presents the correct words that are missing in paragraph 1 of the text.

    Alternativas da questão 3172195
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  14. Questão 374

    ID 3172194

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Gerúndio após Preposições | Gerunds After Prepositions

    Ano: 2023 Banca: FUNDATEC - Fundação Universidade Empresa de Tecnologia e Ciências Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Três Passos

    Instruction: answer questions 36 to 40 based on the following text.

    "Wouldn't It Be Nice"

    01 Wouldn't it be nice if we were (1) older

    02 Then we wouldn't have to wait so long

    03 And wouldn't it be nice to live together

    04 In the kind of world where we belong

    05

    06 You know it's gonna make it that much (2) better

    07 When we can say goodnight and stay together

    08

    09 Wouldn't it be nice if we could wake up

    10 In the morning when the day is new

    11 And after having spent the day together

    12 Hold each other close the whole night through close the whole night through

    13

    14 Happy times together we've been spending

    15 I wish that every kiss was never-ending

    16 Wouldn't it be nice

    17

    18 Maybe if we think and wish and hope and pray it might come true

    19 Baby then there wouldn't be a single thing we couldn't do

    20 We could be married (we could be married)

    21 And then we'd be happy (and then we'd be happy)

    22

    23 Wouldn't it be nice

    24

    25 You know it seems the more we talk about it

    26 It only makes it (3) worse to live without it

    27 But let’s talk about it

    28 Wouldn't it be nice

    Song written by: Michael Love, Tony Asher, Brian Wilson Released by: The Beach Boys, 1966, Album: Pet Sounds



    Why is the bold verb “having” in the gerund form in line 11?

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  15. Questão 375

    ID 3172193

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: VUNESP - Fundação para o Vestibular da Universidade Estadual Paulista Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Guararema

    Leia o texto para responder às questões de 31 a 34.

    Is teaching language an art, then, or is it a science? There are good grounds for focusing on its almost-scientific attributes. Understanding the language system and finding the best ways to explain it is some kind of a scientific endeavor, especially when we continue to research its changes and evolution. In the same way, some of the technical skills that are required of teachers (procedures for how to do things, a constant attention to innovation in educational technology and materials design) need to be almost scientific in their rigor.

    Yet, teaching is an art, too. It works when the relationship that is created between teacher and students, and between the students in a group, is at its best. If we have managed to establish a good rapport with a group, almost anything is possible. There are some key requirements in creating such a rapport, yet behind everything lurks the possibility of magic - or a lack of it. Instant decision-making can happen on supposedly scientific grounds, but its success, and the creativity that can be unleashed, is often the result of the teacher’s feelings or judgment at that very moment. For good teachers listen and watch and use both professional and personal skills to respond to what they see and hear. Good teachers have a knack of responding by doing things ‘right’, and that is most definitely an art.

    (HARMER, Jeremy. How to teach English. Longman, 1998.pp 32, 33. Adaptado)



    In the context of the text, in the excerpt from the last sentence “Good teachers have a knack of responding by doing things ‘right’, the expression in bold is equivalent to

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  16. Questão 376

    ID 3172192

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Novel

    Ano: 2023 Banca: ADM TEC - Instituto de Administração e Tecnologia Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Ipojuca

    TEXT 3

    This morning, the village school opened. I had twenty scholars. But three of the number can read: none write or cipher. Several knit, and a few sew a little. They speak with the broadest accent of the district. At present, they and Ihave a difficulty in understanding each other's language. Some of them are unmannered, rough, intractable, as well as ignorant; but others are docile, have a wish to learn, and evince a disposition that pleases me. I must not forget that these coarsely-clad little peasants are of flesh and blood as good as the scions of gentlest genealogy; and that the germs of native excellence, refinement, intelligence, kind feeling, are as likely to exist in their hearts as in those of the best-born. My duty will be to develop these germs: surely I shall find some happiness in discharging that office. Much enjoyment I do not expect in the life opening before me: yet it will, doubtless, if I regulate my mind, and exert my powers as I ought, yield me enough to live on from day to day.

    Source: Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Brônte (1847). Available on: https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/docs/119-2014-04-09- Jane%20Eyre.pdf



    Examine the following statements about the extract from the novel 'Jane Eyre':

    I. The narrator is a teacher who has been in a long career teaching villagers.

    II. The narrator believes the unmannered and ignorant students have no means of learning since they have difficulty understanding each other's language.

    III.The narrator expresses a preference for students with a wish to learn for they have native excellence.

    Choose the CORRECT answer:

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  17. Questão 377

    ID 3172191

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: ADM TEC - Instituto de Administração e Tecnologia Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Ipojuca

    WHOSE HOME LANGUAGE MATTERS?

    Recently in South Africa, | was with Sônia Nieto, a distinguished American scholar. A South African-Israeli, whom we had only just met socially, engaged her in conversation about language issues in the US. Taking her for a white, native speaker of English, he expressed the view that Spanish migrants in the US should not speak Spanish but English. If they live in the US, he told us, they should 'melt', no doubt referring to the metaphor of 'America' as the great 'melting pot' where anyone is supposed to be able to achieve the 'American dream' and become successful.

    What he did not know is that Dr Nieto identifies herself as a Puerto Rican-American, her husband comes from Spain and members of her family are Spanish-English bilinguals. She is a qualified bilingual educator, who is known internationally for her work in bilingual and multicultural education. It was interesting to see this man come face to face with someone who both challenged: his taken-for-granted view of language as wellas his stereotype of Latinas.

    Source: Adapted from 'Doing Critical Literacy: Texts and Actívíties for Students and Teachers, by Hilary Janks, Routledge, 2014.



    Examine the following statements about the text 'Whose home language matters':?

    I. The bilingual education mentioned in the text purposes one should learn two languages perfectly in order to succeed in different linguistic and cultural contexts, which supports the need for studying English from early school years, as it is in Brazil.

    II. The Curriculum of Pernambuco agrees with the view of the South African-Israeli man when he says immigrants should "melt", since becoming used to other cultures and languages involves overcoming aspects of both.

    Choose the CORRECT answer:

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  18. Questão 378

    ID 3172190

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Interpretação de Texto | Text Interpretation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: ADM TEC - Instituto de Administração e Tecnologia Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Ipojuca

    TEXTO 6

    ESSENTIAL GAME ELEMENTS

    At its heart, gamification is about taking elements from games and applying them to non-game settings (Deterding, 2011). While many look at modern video games as a key inspiration for gamification, central elements such as points and levels come out of tabletop roleplaying games. While no one has yet succeeded in coming up with an undisputed definition for "game," most would agree that to be considered a game, it must include at least the following aspects:

    1. Interactivity: If there is no way for the player to affect change on the system; if there is nothing for the player to actually do, then it ceases to be a game.

    2. Rules: A mechanism to constrain the behavior of players in pre-specified ways.

    3. Goal(s): One or more objectives that players pursue while interacting with the game.

    4. Quantifiable measure of progress (or success): This can be as simple as a binary acknowledgement of completion, or as complex as a set of cricket scores.

    5. Definite ending: While some applications commonly referred to as games do not have clear endings (The Sims, for example), most games have a clear endpoint. By this measure of game, it could easily be argued that a formal educational course meets these criteria.

    Source: Gamification in the Classroom: Old Wine in New Badges, by Katrin Becker and Scott Nicholson. In: Learning, Education and Games Volume Two: Bringing Games into Educational Contexis. ETC Press, 2006. Available on: hitps://www.researchgate.net/publication/308402198 Gam ification in the Classroom Old Wine in New Badges



    Analise as seguintes afirmativas sobre o texto “Essential Game Elements”:

    I. É possível inferir do texto que o autor acredita que a maioria das pessoas que estão tentando definir o que é um jogo concordam que jogos contém pelo menos um aspecto dos indicados no texto.

    II. É possível dizer que para facilitar a leitura do texto, todos os aspectos de jogos listados no texto deveriam conter substantivos, tornando a lista uma estrutura paralela.

    Marque a alternativa CORRETA:

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  19. Questão 379

    ID 3172189

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Letras de Música e Poemas | Song Lyrics And Poems

    Ano: 2023 Banca: IFMG - Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais Órgão: Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais

    Read the poem I too below to answer QUESTIONS 4 to 7.

    I, Too

    Langston Hughes - 1901-1967

    I, too, sing America.

    I am the darker brother.

    They send me to eat in the kitchen

    When company comes,

    But I laugh,

    And eat well,

    And grow strong.

    Tomorrow,

    I'll be at the table

    When company comes.

    Nobody'll dare

    Say to me,

    “Eat in the kitchen,”

    Then.

    Besides,

    They'll see how beautiful I am

    And be ashamed —

    I, too, am America.

    Source: The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes, published by Knopf and Vintage Books. Copyright © 1994 by the Estate of Langston Hughes. All rights reserved. Used by permission of Harold Ober Associates Incorporated.



    Read the poem again and choose the option to complete the sentence below:

    It´s possible to observe a multi-dimensional meaning in the title, “I, too” in the lines that open and close the poem. If you hear the word as the number “two”, it can be inferred to someone who:

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  20. Questão 380

    ID 3172188

    Disciplina: Língua Inglesa

    Assunto: Fonética e Pronúncia | Phonetics And Pronunciation

    Ano: 2023 Banca: COPEVE/UFAL - FUNDEPES Órgão: Prefeitura Municipal de Penedo

    Silent letters in English

    The English language is full of words whose written form can be deceptive. Unlike a language like Spanish, in English we rarely sound out all the letters that we see.

    The result is a series of words which are written in a way which seems very different from their sound. Lots of these strange ‘silent’ letters are due to the history of the English language. Not only has it absorbed plenty of vocabulary from invaders, like French, Latin and Norse, but the eventual standardization of sounds in the English language has meant that certain words, whilst keeping their older forms of spelling, have had their sounds refined and softened. [...]

    Disponível em: <https://englishlive.ef.com/blog/language-lab/silent-letter-letter-english-words-silent-letters

    pronounce/>. Acesso em: 22 mar. 2020. (Adaptado).

    Assinale a alternativa cujas letras sublinhadas são todas sem som.

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