Questão 680389

O texto a seguir deve ser utilizado para responder às questões de números 17 e 18.

What is a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)?

In general, an operating system (OS) is responsible for managing the hardware resources of a computer and hosting applications that run on the computer. An RTOS performs these tasks, but is also specially designed to run applications with very precise timing and a high degree of reliability. This can be especially important in measurement and automation systems where downtime is costly or a program delay could cause a safety hazard.

To be considered “real-time”, an operating system must have a known maximum time for each of the critical operations that it performs (or at least be able to guarantee that maximum most of the time). Some of these operations include OS calls and interrupt handling. Operating systems that can absolutely guarantee a maximum time for these operations are commonly referred to as “hard real-time”, while operating systems that can only guarantee a maximum most of the time are referred to as “soft real-time”.

(Extraído e adaptado de: http://www.ni.com/white-paper/3938/en/)

De acordo com o texto, um sistema operacional de tempo real desempenha as tarefas realizadas por um sistema operacional normal, porém deve