Questão 67319

A central concept in linguistics is the distinction between language as a system (langue) and language in use (parole), as proposed by Saussure. This foundational idea has been challenged and refined by later theories that introduced the concept of **discourse**, arguing that language is always embedded in social and historical contexts. Discourse is not just language, but language in action, a way of representing the world that is inherently linked to social power and ideology. For an English language teacher, understanding this distinction is crucial. It means moving beyond teaching grammar rules in isolation to helping students analyze how different linguistic choices create specific meanings and effects in texts. This approach, rooted in discourse analysis, helps students to become more critical readers and more effective communicators. For example, a teacher can show how the same information can be presented differently in a newspaper article versus a social media post, and how these choices reflect the different purposes, audiences, and power relations of each genre. A pedagogical practice that incorporates this perspective can equip students not only with grammatical knowledge but also with the critical skills needed to navigate the complex world of communication. It acknowledges that language is a tool for social action and that its study should reflect this reality. The teacher's role becomes one of a mediator who helps students deconstruct the discourses they encounter in their daily lives and understand their own role as producers of discourse.

Considering the conceptions of language, text, and discourse, what is the most appropriate pedagogical approach for an English teacher?