Questão 67002

Literary movements, such as Romanticism, Modernism, and Postmodernism, are important categories for understanding the history of literature and its connections with the social, cultural, and historical contexts in which they emerged. The study of these movements and their **intercultural articulations** allows students to recognize how literary ideas travel across different cultures and languages, influencing and being influenced by them. This approach is fundamental for an English teacher who wants to promote a broader and more critical view of literature beyond a single national tradition. An English teacher who adopts this approach can, for example, compare the themes of Romanticism in English literature with their manifestations in Brazilian literature, revealing the similarities and differences that reflect the specific historical and cultural contexts of each country. This approach enriches the understanding of the literary text and its social and cultural function, and challenges the idea of a single, hegemonic literary tradition. This also involves the teacher expanding their own repertoire, including non-canonical literature and new literary genres, and promoting a discussion about the relationship between literature and other artistic and media systems, recognizing that literature does not exist in a vacuum, but is in constant dialogue with its context. The teacher has the role of a cultural mediator who helps students to read the world through the text, and the text through the world.

Considering the different literary movements and their intercultural articulations, analyze the following statements:

I. The study of Romanticism should be restricted to English literature, without discussing its connections with the French, German, and Brazilian Romanticism, limiting the understanding of its universal themes.

II. The analysis of the Harlem Renaissance, a literary and artistic movement of African Americans in the 1920s, allows for the discussion of how literature can be a form of resistance against racism and a tool for the construction of a new identity.

III. The study of movements like Postmodernism and its intercultural articulations is crucial for students to understand how contemporary literature dialogues with new technologies, globalization, and the fragmentation of identity, and how these issues are addressed in different cultures.

IV. The teaching of literary movements should be a descriptive process, focusing on the simple memorization of names and dates, without promoting the analysis of texts or the discussion of their social and cultural context.