Questão 3169732

Leia a versão adaptada do texto Pisa results – what should we learn from them? para responder às questões de números 34 a 36.

2022 Pisa results – a surprise?

Every three years, an early Christmas gift arrives for the global education community – the Pisa test results. The Programme for International Student Assessments (Pisa) is an international test in which 15 year olds are tested on their knowledge and skills in maths, science and reading, and also looks at wellbeing.

The Pisa scores for participating education systems around the world are unquestionably significant. But since its inception in 2000, Pisa has sparked much debate, with many viewing it as an imprecise measurement of educational outcomes.

In 2018, around 600000 students took part in the standardised Pisa tests. Predictably, the 2023 Pisa results on the 2022 test application captured the negative impact of covid learners and learning. The results signalled mixed fortunes for countries round the world.

There were no atua surprises in the latest results. Countries like Singapore, Taiwan and Japan have retained their comparative advantage, while Wales and the United States have shown poorer results than in pre-covid times.

(Harris, A. https://theconversation.com, 13.12.2023. Adaptado)

In the fragment from the second paragraph “an imprecise measurement of educational outcomes”, the word “outcomes” means