Questão 3167642

Texto para as questões 14 e 15

Russia’s ban on International Baccalaureate (IB) schools deepens its rupture with the west

The Kremlin has infused education with nationalism and militarism. Outlawing the IB underlines that effort.

Since Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, the Kremlin has been severing ties with the West that were built up over decades. It has left European treaties on human rights and the prevention of torture, entered into others aimed at countering what it calls Western hegemony, and suspended its participation in nuclear arms treaties.

Education has also been the target of an accelerating crackdown. Late last month, Russia’s prosecutor general declared the IB, a Geneva-based nonprofit whose educational framework is offered at more than 6,000 schools in 160 countries, a criminal organization.

A week before the first day of classes, on September 1, the more than two dozen Russian schools using the I.B. curriculum had to suddenly abandon it. The organization’s activities were prohibited, leaving anyone in Russia who cooperates with it vulnerable to asset seizures or jail time.

The Russian Office of the Prosecutor General defended the ban by saying that the IB’s goal was “to format Russian youth according to Western templates,” accusing the organization of “stoking anti-Russian propaganda and hatred between nations.”

In a statement, the IB said it regretted that Russia’s decision could interrupt students’ education. The organization noted that it had successfully worked in places with shifting political and educational landscapes. Its program began as a way for international schools to provide a globally recognized credential, and it has long emphasized engagement with world cultures.

Russia’s efforts to reshape education, infusing schools with nationalism, militarism and what it calls traditional values, go well beyond the crackdown on the IB.

In 2024, high school students started taking a class called “The Basics of Defense and Defense of the Homeland,” which includes some simple military training. Next year, a new subject, “Spiritual and Moral Culture of Russia,” will be compulsory for students in grades five to seven. The textbooks are being developed with the Russian Orthodox Church.

Disponível em: nytimes.com. September 28, 2025. Adaptado.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a reescrita mais adequada para a oração “Next year, a new subject, ‘Spiritual and Moral Culture of Russia,’ will be compulsory for students in grades five to seven”, mantendo o mesmo sentido com foco nos estudantes.