Questão 67088

A professor of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology is guiding her students in a project on 'language ideologies'. She wants to demonstrate how societal debates that are ostensibly about 'language' are often actually proxy battles over social values, identity, and power. The case study she chooses is the recurrent public debate in the United States over the status of African American Vernacular English (AAVE), particularly in educational settings. She presents the students with two texts: (1) a news editorial from a major newspaper that describes AAVE as 'broken English', 'lazy speech', and a 'handicap' that prevents Black children from succeeding; and (2) a resolution from a major linguistic association (like the LSA) that affirms AAVE as a systematic, rule-governed, and historically significant variety of English. The professor's theoretical framework posits that language ideologies are never just about language itself. She cites a linguistic anthropologist: 'Language ideologies are shared bodies of commonsense notions about the nature of language in the world. They link language to identities, moralities, and aesthetics. The ideology that frames AAVE as 'broken' is not a linguistic judgment; it is a racializing ideology that uses linguistic features as a basis for social stratification and the perpetuation of inequality.'

Analyze the following statements about the language ideologies at play:

I. The newspaper editorial exemplifies a 'standard language ideology,' which presents a single, socially dominant variety as the only legitimate or 'correct' form of a language, and naturalizes this standard as a marker of intelligence and competence.
II. The linguistic association's resolution represents a counter-ideology based on linguistic description, which values all varieties as linguistically equal and seeks to separate scientific description from social prejudice.
III. A teacher who internalizes the ideology of the newspaper editorial is likely to misdiagnose a student's use of AAVE features as 'errors' or signs of a learning disability, with potentially devastating consequences for the student's academic trajectory and sense of self-worth.

Which statement(s) correctly apply the concept of language ideologies to the case study?